Hello rempas!
“The whole things that I have wasted TONS of hours on is finding my perfect programming language.”
The painful truth is that there is no such thing as a perfect language. Each language has good parts and bad parts, as you have already discovered. Haskell has strengths and weaknesses, just like any other.
“The syntax looks very readable (and keep in fact that I don’t even know what’s going on, lol) and the language is probably really fast.”
Most people come to Haskell because they are curious about functional programming and monads. Haskell only does functional programming, unlike languages like F# and Common Lisp which also do procedural and object orientated programming, and the theory is that when you’re learning with a functional language like Haskell you can’t slip back into old procedural and object orientated habits. I can promise you that Haskell will make your regular programming better.
Haskell was originally a research language for researchers in Computer Science. It shows. Things that are hidden in languages like Python are put first and foremost - monoids, functors, monads, etc. A lot of people program in Haskell because they are trying to find out more about these things. But it makes simple things a bit more complex. The theory is that being able to access these things allows more abstractions and a more expressive language.
Haskell has an optimising compiler, like C++, and can be fast. It can also be treacly slow. Haskell is a lazy language, whereas C++ is an eager language. A lazy language means that you can create sequences which are large - even infinite data structures - and still process them. Many languages offer lazy processing - Haskell insists on it. The upshot is that you can drive the garbage collector nuts with large allocations of memory & this slows things down.
“Are there any reasons that you wouldn’t recommend someone to learn and use Haskell?”
You seem to like tinkering with languages. Learning Haskell is good for this. You will learn a lot.
It is not a language which is used much in business. Like a lot of people. there is a fundamental gap between the languages that I like and the languages that I use. I really like Haskell, various kinds of Lisp - I actually use VBA/Excel, R, Python, C#. If you are hobby programming, you can use what you like. In a commercial environment you will (sadly) encounter a lot of push-back. So, if you a looking to learn to code for a programming career then Haskell might be a poor choice. There are a lot of Haskell programmers chasing a few jobs.
“Would you say that Haskell (once learned of course) is more easy and enjoyable to use than languages like Rust or C++ and do you need to write less or more code to do some basic stuff?”
That depends so much on what you are doing,
For rapid Windows GUI programming, for example, C# in Visual Studio is hard to beat. You can create code very quickly and accurately.
For the fastest speed for desktop application, the correct language is C++. It’s what Microsoft uses, and they invented C#.
In Google the new language is called Go, together with the Gopher mascot. Go is slower than C++ in a straight line, but does better with threading.
For artificial intelligence and data processing, Python is the correct language. I use R for data processing at the moment, it is an excellent language for this. I am not a fan of obsessive Python-fanboys, who claim that Python is best for everything, but if I was starting over I would pick Python over R. Python is the more general language.
Alternatives to Haskell include F# (very similar, but simpler, runs in Visual Studio) and various Lisps (Clojure, Common Lisp, Scheme).
I hope this helps.
